Pergi ke kandungan

Keganasan terhadap orang Islam di India

Daripada Wikipedia, ensiklopedia bebas.

Templat:Violence against Muslims in India Terdapat beberapa kejadian keganasan agama terhadap orang Islam sejak pembahagian India pada tahun 1947, sering kali dalam bentuk serangan keganasan pada orang Islam oleh kelompok rusuh nasionalis Hindu yang membentuk corak keganasan taifah sekali-sekala antara masyarakat Hindu dan Islam. Lebih 10,000 orang telah terbunuh dalam keganasan kaum Hindu-Islam sejak tahun 1950 dalam 6,933 kejadian keganasan kaum antara tahun 1954 dan tahun 1982.[1]

Lihat juga

[sunting | sunting sumber]

Rujukan

[sunting | sunting sumber]
  1. ^ ʻAbd Allāh Aḥmad Naʻīm (2008). Islam and the Secular State: Negotiating the Future of Shari'a. Harvard University Press. m/s. 161. ISBN 978-0-674-02776-3.

Bibliografi

[sunting | sunting sumber]
  • Berglund, Henrik (2011). Galina Lindquist; Don Handelman (penyunting). Religion, Politics, and Globalization: Anthropological Approaches. Berghahn. m/s. 105. ISBN 978-1845457716.
  • Blom Hansen, Thomas (2001). Wages of Violence: Naming and Identity in Postcolonial Bombay. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0691088402.
  • Brass, Paul R. (2003). The Production of Hindu-Muslim Violence in Contemporary India. University of Washington Press. ISBN 978-0295985060.
  • Brass, Paul (26 Mac 2004). "The Gujarat Pogrom of 2002". Social Science Research Council. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 Julai 2013. Dicapai pada 3 Jun 2013.
  • Brekke, Torkel (2012). Chris Seiple; Dennis R. Hoover; Pauletta Otis (penyunting). The Routledge Handbook of Religion and Security. Routledge. ISBN 978-0415667449.
  • Campbell, John (2012). Chris Seiple; Dennis Hoover; Dennis R. Hoover; Pauletta Otis (penyunting). The Routledge Handbook of Religion and Security. Routledge. ISBN 978-0415667449.
  • Chandavarkar, Rajnayaran (3 September 2009). History, Culture and the Indian City (ed. 1st). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521768719.
  • Chatterji, Joya (2013). Meghna Guhathakurta; Willem van Schende (penyunting). The Bangladesh Reader: History, Culture, Politics. Duke University Press. ISBN 978-0822353188.
  • Chu, Henry (25 Februari 2007). "Film on an India pogrom boycotted". Los Angeles Times. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 20 November 2015. Dicapai pada 3 Jun 2013.
  • Cohen, Stephen P. (2013). Shooting for a Century: The India-Pakistan Conundrum. Brookings Institution Press. m/s. 66. ISBN 978-0815721864.
  • Datta, Antara (2012). Refugees and Borders in South Asia: The Great Exodus of 1971. Routledge. m/s. 183. ISBN 978-0415524728.
  • D'Costa, Bina (2010). Nationbuilding, Gender and War Crimes in South Asia. Routledge. ISBN 978-0415565660.
  • Dhattiwala, Raheel; Biggs, Michael (Disember 2012). "The Political Logic of Ethnic Violence: The Anti-Muslim Pogrom in Gujarat, 2002". Politics & Society. 40 (4): 483–516. doi:10.1177/0032329212461125. S2CID 154681870.
  • Eckhert, Julia (25 Mei 2005). Austin Sarat; Christian Boulanger (penyunting). The Cultural Lives of Capital Punishment: Comparative Perspectives. Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0804752343.
  • Engineer, Asghar Ali (1991). Communal Riots in Post-independence India. Sangam. ISBN 978-0863111396.
  • Engineer, Asghar Ali (Disember 2002). "Gujarat Riots in the Light of the History of Communal Violence". Economic and Political Weekly. 37 (50).
  • Etzion, Amitai (2008). Security First: For a Muscular, Moral Foreign Policy. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0300143072.
  • Gangoli, Geetanjali (28 Januari 2007). Indian Feminisms: Law, Patriarchies and Violence in India. Ashgate. ISBN 978-0754646044.
  • Ganguly, Rajat (2007). "Democracy and ethnic conflict". Dalam Sumit Ganguly; Larry Diamond; Marc F. Plattner (penyunting). The State of India's Democracy. The Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 978-0801887918.
  • Ganguly, Sumit (2003). The Kashmir Question: Retrospect and Prospect. Routledge. ISBN 978-0714684390.
  • Ghassem-Fachandi, Parvis (19 Mac 2012). Pogrom in Gujarat: Hindu Nationalism and Anti-Muslim Violence in India. Princeton University Press. m/s. 2. ISBN 978-0691151779.
  • Ghosh, Partha S. (2004). Ranabir Samaddar (penyunting). Peace Studies: An Introduction To the Concept, Scope, and Themes. SAGE. ISBN 978-0761996606.
  • Gupta, Ravi (2013). "The changing landscape". Dalam K. Moti Gokulsing; Wimal Dissanayake (penyunting). Routledge Handbook of Indian Cinemas. Routledge. ISBN 978-0415677745.
  • Hazarika, Sanjoy (26 Februari 1984). "Peace fragile in Assam a year after carnage". The New York Times. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 7 Februari 2017. Dicapai pada 8 April 2015.
  • Hefner, Robert W. (2006). Robert W. Hefner; Muhammad Qasim Zaman (penyunting). Schooling Islam: The Culture and Politics of Modern Muslim Education. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0691129334.
  • Herman, Phyllis K. (2006). Kathryn M. Coughlin (penyunting). Muslim Cultures Today: A Reference Guide. Greenwood. ISBN 978-0313323867.
  • Holst, Arthur (30 Ogos 2004). Merril D. Smith (penyunting). Encyclopedia of rape. Greenwood. ISBN 978-0313326875.
  • Holt, Peter M. (1977). Peter Malcolm Holt; Ann K. S. Lambton; Bernard Lewis (penyunting). The Cambridge History of Islam (ed. New). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521291378.
  • Human Rights Watch (2003). "Compounding Injustice: The Government's Failure to Redress Massacres in Gujarat". Fédération internationale des droits de l'homme. m/s. 57. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 19 Jun 2015. Dicapai pada 4 Disember 2016.
  • Hussain, Monirul (1 Februari 2009). Sibaji Pratim Basu (penyunting). The Fleeing People of South Asia: Selections from Refugee Watch. Anthem. m/s. 261. ISBN 978-8190583572.
  • Jaffrelot, Christophe (1996). The Hindu Nationalist Movement and Indian Politics 1925-1990s: Strategies of Identity-Building, Implantation and Mobilisation. London: C. Hurst & Co. ISBN 9781850653011.
  • Jaffrelot, Christophe (2011). Religion, Caste, and Politics in India. C Hurst & Co. ISBN 978-1849041386.
  • Kaur, Raminder (5 Februari 2005). Performative Politics and the Cultures of Hinduism: Public Uses of Religion in Western India. Anthem. ISBN 978-1843311393.
  • Kaviraj, Sudipta (2010). The Imaginary Institution of India: Politics and Ideas. Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0231152235.
  • Khalidi, Omar (28 Disember 2009). Shiping Hua (penyunting). Islam and democratization in Asia. Cambria Press. ISBN 978-1604976328.
  • Kokrajhar; Dhubri (24 Ogos 2012). "Killing for a homeland". The Economist Banyan blog. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 25 Ogos 2012.
  • Krishnan, Murali; Shams, Shamil (11 Mac 2012). "Modi's clearance in the Gujarat riots case angers Indian Muslims". Deutsche Welle. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 20 Oktober 2014. Dicapai pada 24 Jun 2013.
  • Markovits, Claude. "India from 1900 to 1947". Mass Violence.Org. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 8 April 2008. Dicapai pada 24 Jun 2013.
  • Mazzarella, William (2013). Censorium: Cinema and the Open Edge of Mass Publicity. Duke University Press. ISBN 978-0822353881.
  • Metcalf, Barbara (2006). Robert W. Hefner; Muhammad Qasim Zaman (penyunting). Schooling Islam: The Culture and Politics of Modern Muslim Education. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0691129334.
  • Metcalf, Barbara D. (2009). Barbara D. Metcalf (penyunting). Islam in South Asia in Practice. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0691044200.
  • Metcalf, Barbara (2013). Deana Heath; Chandana Mathur (penyunting). Communalism and Globalization in South Asia and its Diaspora. Routledge. ISBN 978-0415857857.
  • Murphy, Eamon (24 Mac 2011). Richard Jackson; Eamon Murphy; Scott Poynting (penyunting). Contemporary State Terrorism: Theory and Practice. Routledge. ISBN 978-0415664479.
  • Pandey, Gyanendra (1 November 2005). Routine violence: nations, fragments, histories. Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0804752640.
  • Pennington, Brian K. (2012). "Striking the Delicate Balance Teaching Violence and Hinduism". Dalam Brian K. Pennington (penyunting). Teaching Religion and Violence. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0195372427.
  • Prakash, Gyan (15 Februari 2007). Anuradha Dingwaney Needham; Rajeswari Sunder Rajan (penyunting). The Crisis of Secularism in India. Duke University Press. ISBN 978-0822338468.
  • Price, Daniel E. (2012). Sacred Terror: How Faith Becomes Lethal. Praeger. ISBN 978-0313386381.
  • Puniyan, Ram (2003). Communal Politics: Facts Versus Myths. Sage. ISBN 978-0761996675.
  • Raman, Sita Anantha (8 Jun 2009). Women in India: a social and cultural history. Praeger. ISBN 978-0275982423.
  • Riaz, Ali (2008). Faithful Education: Madrassahs in South Asia. Rutgers University Press. ISBN 978-0813543451.
  • Riddick, John F. (2006). The History of British India: A Chronology. Praeger. ISBN 978-0313322808.
  • Risam, Roopika (30 Disember 2010). John D. H. Downing (penyunting). Encyclopedia of Social Movement Media. Sage. ISBN 978-0761926887.
  • Saikia, Yasmin (2005). Fragmented Memories: Struggling to be Tai-Ahom in India. Duke University Press. ISBN 978-0822333739.
  • Sarkur, Tanika (2007). Taisha Abraham (penyunting). Women and the Politics of Violence. Har Anand. ISBN 978-8124108475.
  • Sikand, Yoginder (2004). Muslims in India Since 1947: Islamic Perspectives on Inter-Faith Relations. Routledge. ISBN 978-0415314862.
  • Sikand, Yoginder (2006). Ibrahim Abu-Rabi' (penyunting). The Blackwell Companion to Contemporary Islamic Thought. Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 978-1405121743.
  • Singh, Ujjwal Kumar (2012). Victor V. Ramraj; Michael Hor; Kent Roach (penyunting). Global Anti-Terrorism Law and Policy (ed. 2nd). Cambridge University Press. m/s. 427. ISBN 9781107014671.
  • Smith, Glenn (2005). Asvi Warman Adam; Dewi Fortuna Anwar (penyunting). Violent Internal Conflicts in Asia Pacific: Histories, Political Economies, and Policies. Yayasan Obor. ISBN 9789794615140.
  • Swami, Praveen (19 Oktober 2006). India, Pakistan and the Secret Jihad: The Covert War in Kashmir, 1947–2004. Routledge. ISBN 978-0415404594.
  • Tambiah, Stanely J. (1997). Leveling Crowds: EthnoNationalist Conflicts and Collective Violence in South Asia. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0520206427.
  • Tilly, Charles (2006). Regimes and Repertoires. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0226803500.
  • "State pogroms glossed over". The Times of India. 31 Disember 2005.
  • Townson, Duncan, penyunting (1999). "Indian communal massacres (1946–1947)". Blackwell Reference. doi:10.1111/b.9780631209379.1999.x. ISBN 9780631209379.
  • Varia, Toral (2 September 2007). "Mumbai riots a planned, perfected pogrom?". CNN-IBN.
  • Varshney, Ashutosh (2003). Ethnic Conflict and Civic Life: Hindus and Muslims in India (ed. 2nd Revised). Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0300100136.
  • Varshney, Ashutosh (26 Mac 2004). "Understanding Gujarat Violence". Social Science Research Council. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 21 Julai 2013. Dicapai pada 25 Jun 2013.
  • Vickery, Jacqueline (30 Disember 2010). John D. H. Downing (penyunting). Encyclopedia of Social Movement Media. Sage. ISBN 978-0761926887.
  • Weigl, Constanze (2012). Reproductive Health Behaviour and Decision-making of Muslim Women: An Ethnographic Study in a Low-income Community in Urban North India. Lit Verlag. ISBN 978-3643107701.
  • Wilkinson, Steven I. (2006). Votes and Violence: Electoral Competition and Ethnic Riots in India. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521536059.

Pautan luar

[sunting | sunting sumber]

Templat:Riots in India Templat:Discrimination Templat:Religious persecution

Diambil daripada "https://ms.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Keganasan_terhadap_orang_Islam_di_India&oldid=5496199"